{"id":547949,"date":"2025-08-31T23:12:55","date_gmt":"2025-08-31T21:12:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/?p=547949"},"modified":"2025-08-31T23:12:55","modified_gmt":"2025-08-31T21:12:55","slug":"en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/","title":{"rendered":"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification"},"content":{"rendered":"

In French tax law, few concepts have such a decisive impact as the holding animatrice<\/strong>. Behind this technical notion lies a distinction with major financial consequences. Depending on whether a holding company is considered merely passive \u2014 simply managing shares \u2014 or animating<\/strong> a group, its tax treatment changes radically.<\/p>\n

For entrepreneurs, family shareholders and investors with French operations, the stakes are high. Being recognized as a holding animatrice can open the door to powerful tax advantages: relief under the Dutreil pact<\/strong> for business transfers, exemption from wealth tax (IFI)<\/strong>, and preferential regimes for capital gains on disposals<\/strong>. But these benefits come at a price: the company must prove that its role as a group coordinator is real, predominant and documented<\/strong>. Without this, the risk of requalification \u2014 and of losing all the associated benefits \u2014 is very real.<\/p>\n

In 2025, after years of evolving case law, it is essential for international investors and families to understand what qualifies as a holding animatrice, the advantages it provides, and the strategies required to secure it.<\/p>\n

Definition and criteria<\/h2>\n

The concept has developed through administrative doctrine and case law. Article 966 of the French Tax Code defines a holding animatrice as a company which, in addition to managing shareholdings, actively participates in the direction of the group\u2019s policy, controls its subsidiaries, and may provide them with specific services<\/strong> (administrative, legal, accounting, financial, property management).<\/p>\n

Three key criteria emerge:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    The company must set the group\u2019s strategy<\/strong>, not just follow it.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    It must exercise real control<\/strong> through decision-making, board representation, validation of budgets and oversight of performance.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    It must provide specific services<\/strong> to subsidiaries that go beyond passive holding, whether or not invoiced, such as HR, finance, or legal support.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    The law focuses on substance over form<\/strong>. Clauses in the by-laws or a nominal \u201canimation agreement\u201d are not enough. Authorities will look for evidence: board minutes, group budgets, service contracts, consolidated reporting.<\/p>\n

    Tax advantages of the holding animatrice<\/h2>\n

    The reason the concept matters is that it opens the door to favourable regimes otherwise reserved for operational companies.<\/p>\n

    Dutreil business transfer relief<\/strong>: French law allows a 75% exemption from inheritance or gift duties when transferring a business, provided conditions are met. Passive holdings are excluded, but a holding animatrice qualifies. For family groups, this often makes the difference between being able to transmit a company and facing prohibitive estate taxation.<\/p>\n

    Wealth tax (IFI)<\/strong>: At the IFI, business assets are exempt. A passive holding with property assets remains taxable; a holding animatrice is treated as an operating entity, and its participations \u2014 as well as property used for business purposes \u2014 can be exempt.<\/p>\n

    Capital gains relief<\/strong>: Entrepreneurs disposing of their business may benefit from special allowances. Here too, recognition as a holding animatrice extends this treatment to shares in a holding, provided it genuinely manages and drives the group.<\/p>\n

    Risks of requalification<\/h2>\n

    Because the tax benefits are substantial, the French tax administration carefully scrutinizes claims of animation. The burden of proof lies with the taxpayer. A holding that merely owns shares, or whose animation is marginal compared to its asset management, will not qualify.<\/p>\n

    Courts have repeatedly rejected cases where the animation was not predominant, or where the evidence was too thin. The consequences are severe: loss of the Dutreil exemption, reassessment of IFI, denial of capital gains allowances, penalties for deliberate misstatement, and in some cases proceedings for abuse of law.<\/p>\n

    Recent case law and practice<\/h2>\n

    Recent decisions have clarified the landscape. Judges have insisted that animation must be the main activity<\/strong> of the holding, not a secondary aspect. They look for concrete evidence: consolidated accounts, intragroup services, contracts actually performed.<\/p>\n

    In 2023 and 2024, a more stable line emerged: courts accept the qualification when the holding demonstrates strategic influence and real services to subsidiaries. But they remain strict: the test is practical and ongoing, and the taxpayer carries the evidential burden.<\/p>\n

    How to secure the qualification<\/h2>\n

    To claim and maintain the status of holding animatrice, proactive measures are essential:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      Formalize group relations<\/strong> through clear animation agreements with subsidiaries.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Document the activity<\/strong> with board minutes, consolidated budgets, service invoices, annual reports.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Ensure preponderance<\/strong>: animation must be the main activity relative to passive investment.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Seek advance rulings<\/strong> (rescrits) to obtain administrative confirmation where doubt exists.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Maintain substance over time<\/strong>: in the context of a Dutreil pact, animation must be effective throughout the entire holding period.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Conclusion : a powerful but demanding tool<\/h2>\n

      The holding animatrice is a cornerstone of French tax planning for groups and family businesses. It offers major advantages, but only where the company genuinely drives and serves its subsidiaries.<\/p>\n

      For foreign entrepreneurs and investors, this is not a label to adopt lightly but a qualification that must be earned, demonstrated, and maintained. Done properly, it can transform estate planning and wealth management in France. Done poorly, it can trigger severe reassessments.<\/p>\n

      At Qualifisc<\/strong>, we help international clients structure, evidence and defend their holding animatrice status. From group strategy to inheritance planning, we ensure that the benefits are secured \u2014 and the risks controlled.<\/p>\n

      Contact us for a confidential consultation on your French holding structure.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      In French tax law, few concepts have such a decisive impact as the holding animatrice. Behind this technical notion lies a distinction with major financial consequences. Depending on whether a holding company is considered merely passive \u2014 simply managing shares \u2014 or animating a group, its tax treatment changes radically. For entrepreneurs, family shareholders and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":546012,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-547949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tax-updates-insights"],"yoast_head":"\nThe \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification | Qualifisc<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the French \u201cholding animatrice\u201d in 2025: definition, tax advantages (Dutreil, wealth tax, capital gains) and how to avoid requalification risks.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification | Qualifisc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover the French \u201cholding animatrice\u201d in 2025: definition, tax advantages (Dutreil, wealth tax, capital gains) and how to avoid requalification risks.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Qualifisc\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-31T21:12:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ludovic Souchay\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ludovic Souchay\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ludovic Souchay\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/07aa6733c8a1ee36b7f0f8aa45883fd1\"},\"headline\":\"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-08-31T21:12:55+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":853,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Tax updates & insights\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/\",\"name\":\"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification | Qualifisc\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-08-31T21:12:55+00:00\",\"description\":\"Discover the French \u201cholding animatrice\u201d in 2025: definition, tax advantages (Dutreil, wealth tax, capital gains) and how to avoid requalification risks.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/08\\\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg\",\"width\":1000,\"height\":640},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Tax updates & insights\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/tax-updates-insights\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"Qualifisc\",\"description\":\"Your strategic ally in taxation\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Qualifisc\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/02\\\/logo-qualifisc.svg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/02\\\/logo-qualifisc.svg\",\"width\":724,\"height\":239,\"caption\":\"Qualifisc\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/ludovic-souchay-958992150\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/07aa6733c8a1ee36b7f0f8aa45883fd1\",\"name\":\"Ludovic Souchay\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/5c01074bba3ca9250b3dbb35676eb8262b60d8ddc760866e98e2e2046f631e55?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/5c01074bba3ca9250b3dbb35676eb8262b60d8ddc760866e98e2e2046f631e55?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/5c01074bba3ca9250b3dbb35676eb8262b60d8ddc760866e98e2e2046f631e55?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"Ludovic Souchay\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/qualifisc.com\"]}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification | Qualifisc","description":"Discover the French \u201cholding animatrice\u201d in 2025: definition, tax advantages (Dutreil, wealth tax, capital gains) and how to avoid requalification risks.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification | Qualifisc","og_description":"Discover the French \u201cholding animatrice\u201d in 2025: definition, tax advantages (Dutreil, wealth tax, capital gains) and how to avoid requalification risks.","og_url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/","og_site_name":"Qualifisc","article_published_time":"2025-08-31T21:12:55+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1000,"height":640,"url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Ludovic Souchay","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Ludovic Souchay","Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/"},"author":{"name":"Ludovic Souchay","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/07aa6733c8a1ee36b7f0f8aa45883fd1"},"headline":"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification","datePublished":"2025-08-31T21:12:55+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/"},"wordCount":853,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg","articleSection":["Tax updates & insights"],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/","url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/","name":"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification | Qualifisc","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg","datePublished":"2025-08-31T21:12:55+00:00","description":"Discover the French \u201cholding animatrice\u201d in 2025: definition, tax advantages (Dutreil, wealth tax, capital gains) and how to avoid requalification risks.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/shutterstock_2149754453.jpg","width":1000,"height":640},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/en-tax-updates-insights-holding-animatrice-france-2025\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Tax updates & insights","item":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/tax-updates-insights\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"The \u201cHolding Animatrice\u201d in France : definition, tax advantages and risks of requalification"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/","name":"Qualifisc","description":"Your strategic ally in taxation","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#organization","name":"Qualifisc","url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/logo-qualifisc.svg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/logo-qualifisc.svg","width":724,"height":239,"caption":"Qualifisc"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/ludovic-souchay-958992150\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/#\/schema\/person\/07aa6733c8a1ee36b7f0f8aa45883fd1","name":"Ludovic Souchay","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5c01074bba3ca9250b3dbb35676eb8262b60d8ddc760866e98e2e2046f631e55?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5c01074bba3ca9250b3dbb35676eb8262b60d8ddc760866e98e2e2046f631e55?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/5c01074bba3ca9250b3dbb35676eb8262b60d8ddc760866e98e2e2046f631e55?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Ludovic Souchay"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/qualifisc.com"]}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/547949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=547949"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/547949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":548092,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/547949\/revisions\/548092"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/546012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=547949"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=547949"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/qualifisc.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=547949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}